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In the altering dynamics of international policies, sea trade has great importance. In that perspective, Gwadar Port of Pakistan and Chabahar Port Iran are the centre points in Arabian Sea and both geographically have a distinctive strategic and political position.
Gwadar Port and Chabahar Port are located at the gate of the Strait of Hormuz region. This area holds approximately two thirds part of the world oil. Approximately 17 billion barrels of crude oil every day passes through Strait of Hormuz region.
These ports have a vital strategic importance for both regions. It is clearly shown that these ports are situated at the cross junction of international sea cargo shipping and oil trade routes while joining three major regions such as Central Asia, South Asia and the Middle East.
Moreover, Gwadar and Chabahar ports are economically and strategically dynamic checkpoints.
Both ports offer unchecked entrance to the Indian Ocean, where more than 100,000 ships navigate every year and approximately 70 percent of trade of the world’s petroleum passes.
As well as 65 percent of raw material, 31 percent gas and over half proportion of the world’s oil transfers through this corridor.
China and India are showing interest in the construction and investing in these ports. The Chinese Overseas Port Holding Company (COPHC) took over the Gwadar Port in 2013 to make it completely operative by the end of 2015.
In this perspective, Beijing contracted energy and infrastructure agreements with Pakistan worth $46 billion, with the development of the Gwadar Port as an economic corridor to China and Pakistan.
The Gawdar port opens up a 3,000 km long trade corridor that will link Gwadar to Kashgar through roads, train track and pipelines for oil and gas transfer.
China desires the Gwadar Port to import Middle Eastern oil and gas. According to the BP 2012 Statistical Review of World Energy, it holds 48 percent of the world’s oil and 38 percent of natural gas assets.
As well as China wishes to access Africa through the Gawdar port.
Gawdar port provides the nearest and least costly routes for trade from China to Middle East. The present sea route of China passes through the unsafe South China Sea, Pacific Rim, the Strait of Malacca and Sri Lanka and this route is risky as well as lengthy.
The Gawdar links China to Pakistan and other states via Kashgar and decrease the sea distance of 2,500 km instead of 10,000 km. This route is secure as well as saves time and money for China.
Pakistan should use effective governance by using its bureaucracy, and military skills to maximize the potential of the port.
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